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netboot [Le 22/06/2016, 17:41] – [Démarrage de l'installation] 81.80.173.124netboot [Le 11/09/2022, 12:01] (Version actuelle) – Suppression des espaces en fin de ligne (détecté et corrigé via le bot wiki-corrector (https://forum.ubuntu-fr.org/viewtopic.php?id=2067892) moths-art
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-{{tag>Dapper Edgy Feisty Hardy Karmic Trusty installation réseau serveur}}+{{tag>Trusty installation réseau serveur}}
  
 ---- ----
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 Ce document décrit une installation par le réseau, sur une machine pouvant démarrer PXE sur la carte réseau ou un autre média amovible Cette option de démarrage se configure dans le SETUP du PC client et elle est souvent appelée "Network Boot". Ce document décrit une installation par le réseau, sur une machine pouvant démarrer PXE sur la carte réseau ou un autre média amovible Cette option de démarrage se configure dans le SETUP du PC client et elle est souvent appelée "Network Boot".
  
-Nous utiliserons un autre PC comme serveur et nous y installerons [[apt>dhcp3-server]] et [[apt>tftpd-hpa]]  pour nous fournir les services et la configuration du fichier spécifique au système installé.+Nous utiliserons un autre PC comme serveur et nous y installerons [[apt>isc-dhcp-server]] et [[apt>tftpd-hpa]]  pour nous fournir les services et la configuration du fichier spécifique au système installé.
  
 Vous devez modifier les noms d'hôte et les adresses IP de ce document pour votre propre installation. Les principes décrits ici sont applicables à d'autres serveurs de DHCP et de TFTP que ceux spécifiés ci-dessous. Vous devez modifier les noms d'hôte et les adresses IP de ce document pour votre propre installation. Les principes décrits ici sont applicables à d'autres serveurs de DHCP et de TFTP que ceux spécifiés ci-dessous.
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 \\ \\
 Préférez-la, si tel est votre but. Préférez-la, si tel est votre but.
 +
 +Il est aussi possible d'utiliser iPXE : [[:ipxe]]
 </note> </note>
  
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   - L'ordinateur client démarre par l'//interface réseau// en mode PXE.   - L'ordinateur client démarre par l'//interface réseau// en mode PXE.
-  - Le serveur [[dhcp3-server|DHCP]], présent sur le réseau, lui envoie le fichier [[#Installer les fichiers NETBOOT nécessaire au démarrage réseau|pxelinux.0]] précisé dans [[dhcp3-server#Configuration du serveur DHCP|filename de la section générale]].+  - Le serveur [[:isc-dhcp-server|DHCP]], présent sur le réseau, lui envoie le fichier [[#Installer les fichiers NETBOOT nécessaire au démarrage réseau|pxelinux.0]] précisé dans [[:isc-dhcp-server|filename de la section générale]].
   - L'ordinateur client accède alors, par TFTP, au fichier de configuration de la machine se trouvant dans le répertoire [[#Configurer les fichiers PXELINUX.CFG|pxelinux.cfg]].   - L'ordinateur client accède alors, par TFTP, au fichier de configuration de la machine se trouvant dans le répertoire [[#Configurer les fichiers PXELINUX.CFG|pxelinux.cfg]].
   - Il charge le fichier de configuration par défaut.    - Il charge le fichier de configuration par défaut. 
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 ===== Installer et lancer le serveur DHCP ===== ===== Installer et lancer le serveur DHCP =====
  
-Voir la documentation sur [[dhcp3-server]].+Voir la documentation sur [[isc-dhcp-server]].
  
 Cette machine sert une adresse IP et les informations réseaux ainsi que le fichier « [[#Installer les fichiers NETBOOT nécessaire au démarrage réseau|pxelinux.0]] » à « portable » par DHCP. Cette machine sert une adresse IP et les informations réseaux ainsi que le fichier « [[#Installer les fichiers NETBOOT nécessaire au démarrage réseau|pxelinux.0]] » à « portable » par DHCP.
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 ===== Installer les fichiers NETBOOT nécessaires au démarrage réseau ===== ===== Installer les fichiers NETBOOT nécessaires au démarrage réseau =====
-==== Installation des fichiers propre à chaque version ====+==== Installation des fichiers propres à chaque version ====
 Chaque version d'Ubuntu propose dans les dépôts des fichiers d'installateur pour les architectures i386 et amd64. Chaque version d'Ubuntu propose dans les dépôts des fichiers d'installateur pour les architectures i386 et amd64.
 Ces fichiers s'appellent tous **netboot.tar.gz**\\ Ces fichiers s'appellent tous **netboot.tar.gz**\\
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 Vous pouvez répéter l'opération avec une autre version en créant un autre répertoire à coté de "precise". **Ne mélangez pas les versions !** Vous pouvez répéter l'opération avec une autre version en créant un autre répertoire à coté de "precise". **Ne mélangez pas les versions !**
 ==== Création du menu de démarrage ==== ==== Création du menu de démarrage ====
-Il faut pour cela installer sur votre serveur le paquet [[apt>syslinux]] qui contient les bases de l'installation, le fichier « pxelinux.0 » ansi que le gestionnaire de menu "menu.c32".+Il faut pour cela installer sur votre serveur le paquet [[apt>syslinux]] qui contient les bases de l'installation, le fichier « pxelinux.0 » ainsi que le gestionnaire de menu "menu.c32".
 Copiez maintenant depuis les librairies de "syslinux" les fichiers nécessaires: Copiez maintenant depuis les librairies de "syslinux" les fichiers nécessaires:
 <code>sudo cp /usr/lib/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/ <code>sudo cp /usr/lib/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/
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 #default menu for all PXE boot #default menu for all PXE boot
 DEFAULT vesamenu.c32 DEFAULT vesamenu.c32
-# liste des choix +#liste des choix 
 label Boot local disk label Boot local disk
     kernel chain.c32      kernel chain.c32 
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 <note warning>A noter que ceci ne suffit pas pour installer Ubuntu via le réseau, il met simplement en place un sous menu (en plus du menu PXE présent de base) afin de démarrer une éventuelle installation d'Ubuntu. Cet article devrait être corrigé afin de correspondre à sa finalité.</note> <note warning>A noter que ceci ne suffit pas pour installer Ubuntu via le réseau, il met simplement en place un sous menu (en plus du menu PXE présent de base) afin de démarrer une éventuelle installation d'Ubuntu. Cet article devrait être corrigé afin de correspondre à sa finalité.</note>
  
-===== Méthode Alternative (et fonctionnelle) via le noyau MEMDISK ===== 
  
-Vous pouvez démarrer en PXE via l'iso d'Ubuntu originale (au moins 2Go de RAM requis). 
- 
-Pour cela, commencez par télécharger la dernière image disque ici -> http://releases.ubuntu.com 
- 
-Nous allons également avoir besoin de syslinux que vous pourrez installer de manière conventionnelle avant de le copier dans notre répertoire **tftpboot**. Ceci nous donnera également accès au noyau MEMTEST, utilisé pour tester la mémoire vive d'une machine. 
- 
-<code> 
-sudo apt-get install syslinux 
-sudo cp -r /usr/share/syslinux/* /var/lib/tftpboot 
-</code> 
- 
-Nous aurons également besoin de créer les répertoires qui servirons au serveur TFTP afin de récupérer cette image. 
- 
-<code> 
-mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/ubuntu 
-</code> 
- 
-Une fois le téléchargement terminé, copiez (ou déplacez) l'iso dans notre répertoire fraichement créé. 
- 
-<code> 
-mv ubuntu-XX.XX-desktop-ARCH.iso /var/lib/tftpboot/ubuntu/ 
-</code> 
- 
-**Attention aux niveau des droits !** le démon TFTP doit pouvoir accèder au fichier; pour cela, nous allons modifier le propriétaire du fichier afin que celui ci n'appartienne plus à personne (et donc paradoxalement à tout le monde). 
- 
-<code> 
-chown nobody:nobody /var/lib/tftpboot/ubuntu/ubuntu-XX.XX-desktop-ARCH.iso 
-</code> 
- 
-Une fois que tout ceci est fait, nous allons devoir modifier notre menu de démarrage. Pour cela, modifions notre fichier **/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default** et ajoutons lui une entrée. 
- 
-<code> 
-label 1 
-menu label ^1) Ubuntu XX.XX ARCH 
-KERNEL memdisk 
-APPEND iso initrd=ubuntu/ubuntu-XX.XX-desktop-ARCH.iso 
-</code> 
- 
-Nous pouvons également ajouter une entrée pour MEMTEST ainsi que pour démarrer depuis le disque local : 
- 
-<code> 
-label 2 
-menu label ^2) Memtest 
-KERNEL memtest 
- 
-label 3 
-menu label ^3) Disque local 
-localboot 0xffff 
-</code> 
- 
-Une fois ceci fait, vous pouvez essayer, depuis une autre machine sur votre réseau local, de démarrer sur notre service fraichement créé. Attention, cela peut prendre du temps au début (téléversement de plus d1Go) mais après le système est très réactif (copié dans la RAM) 
- 
-De nombreuses choses sont possible avec le PXE, alors bonnes expériences ! 
  
 ===== reliquat de documentation temporairement conservé ===== ===== reliquat de documentation temporairement conservé =====
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 <note important>Cela rend les fichiers modifiables par l'utilisateur courant. <note important>Cela rend les fichiers modifiables par l'utilisateur courant.
-Si vous êtes en environnement de production appliquer les règle de séparation de droits en créant un utilisateur autorisé à modifier ce dossier</note>+Si vous êtes en environnement de production appliquer les règles de séparation de droits en créant un utilisateur autorisé à modifier ce dossier</note>
  
 Remplacer **$USER** par le nom de l'utilisateur autorisé à modifier les fichiers. Remplacer **$USER** par le nom de l'utilisateur autorisé à modifier les fichiers.
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 F9 ubuntu/edgy/ubuntu-installer/i386/boot-screens/f9.txt F9 ubuntu/edgy/ubuntu-installer/i386/boot-screens/f9.txt
 F0 ubuntu/edgy/ubuntu-installer/i386/boot-screens/f10.txt F0 ubuntu/edgy/ubuntu-installer/i386/boot-screens/f10.txt
-### *** UBUNTU EDGY *** +###*** UBUNTU EDGY *** 
-# preseed/url=http://82.228.244.195/edgy-preseed.cfg+#preseed/url=https://server7.kproxy.com/servlet/redirect.srv/sruj/shhzdcy/s7iwolzo/p2/servlet/redirect.srv/sruj/shhzdcy/s7iwolzo/p2/servlet/redirect.srv/sruj/shhzdcy/s7iwolzo/p2/servlet/redirect.srv/s591/s442/s822/s28/p1/edgy-preseed.cfg
 LABEL edgyi386 LABEL edgyi386
  kernel ubuntu/edgy/ubuntu-installer/i386/linux  kernel ubuntu/edgy/ubuntu-installer/i386/linux
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  append vga=normal initrd=ubuntu/edgy/ubuntu-installer/i386/initrd.gz ramdisk_size=16464 root=/dev/rd/0 rw  rescue/enable=true --  append vga=normal initrd=ubuntu/edgy/ubuntu-installer/i386/initrd.gz ramdisk_size=16464 root=/dev/rd/0 rw  rescue/enable=true --
  
-### *** UBUNTU DAPPER *** +###*** UBUNTU DAPPER *** 
-#preseed/url=http://82.228.244.195/dapper-preseed.cfg+#preseed/url=https://server7.kproxy.com/servlet/redirect.srv/sruj/shhzdcy/s7iwolzo/p2/servlet/redirect.srv/sruj/shhzdcy/s7iwolzo/p2/servlet/redirect.srv/sruj/shhzdcy/s7iwolzo/p2/servlet/redirect.srv/s591/s442/s822/s28/p1/dapper-preseed.cfg
 LABEL dapperia64 LABEL dapperia64
  kernel ubuntu/dapper/ubuntu-installer/ia64/linux  kernel ubuntu/dapper/ubuntu-installer/ia64/linux
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  append vga=normal initrd=ubuntu/dapper/ubuntu-installer/ia64/initrd.gz ramdisk_size=16464 root=/dev/rd/0 rw  rescue/enable=true --  append vga=normal initrd=ubuntu/dapper/ubuntu-installer/ia64/initrd.gz ramdisk_size=16464 root=/dev/rd/0 rw  rescue/enable=true --
   
-### *** DEBIAN SARGE *** +###*** DEBIAN SARGE *** 
-#preseed/url=http://82.228.244.195/sarge-preseed.cfg+#preseed/url=https://server7.kproxy.com/servlet/redirect.srv/sruj/shhzdcy/s7iwolzo/p2/servlet/redirect.srv/sruj/shhzdcy/s7iwolzo/p2/servlet/redirect.srv/sruj/shhzdcy/s7iwolzo/p2/servlet/redirect.srv/s591/s442/s822/s28/p1/sarge-preseed.cfg
 label sargex86 label sargex86
  kernel debian/sarge/i386/linux  kernel debian/sarge/i386/linux
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 <file> <file>
- 0fBOOT METHODS07                                                                  09F307 +0fBOOT METHODS07                                                                  09F307 
-0fAvailable boot methods:07 +0fAvailable boot methods:07 
-0f*** UBUNTU ***07 +0f*** UBUNTU ***07 
-0fedgyi38607 +0fedgyi38607 
-0fedgyi386server07 +0fedgyi386server07 
-0fedgyi386expert07 +0fedgyi386expert07 
-0fedgyi386server-expert07 +0fedgyi386server-expert07 
-0fedgyi386rescue07 +0fedgyi386rescue07 
-0fdapperia6407 +0fdapperia6407 
-0fdapperia64server07 +0fdapperia64server07 
-0fdapperia64expert07 +0fdapperia64expert07 
-0fdapperia64server-expert07 +0fdapperia64server-expert07 
-0fdapperia64rescue07 +0fdapperia64rescue07 
-0f*** DEBIAN ***07    +0f*** DEBIAN ***07 
-0fsargex8607 +0fsargex8607 
-0fsargex86expert07 +0fsargex86expert07 
-0fsargex862607 +0fsargex862607 
-0fsargex86expert2607 +0fsargex86expert2607 
-0fsargeia6407 +0fsargeia6407 
-0fsargeia64expert07 +0fsargeia64expert07 
-0fsargeia642607 +0fsargeia642607 
-0fsargeia64expert2607 +0fsargeia64expert2607 
-0fsargememtest07+0fsargememtest07
   Perform a memory test.   Perform a memory test.
-Press F1control and F then 1 for the help index, or ENTER to +Press F1control and F then 1 for the help index, or ENTER to
 </file> </file>
  
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 LABEL dapperi386 LABEL dapperi386
  kernel ubuntu/dapper/ubuntu-installer/i386/linux  kernel ubuntu/dapper/ubuntu-installer/i386/linux
- append vga=normal initrd=ubuntu/dapper/ubuntu-installer/i386/initrd.gz ramdisk_size=16464 root=/dev/rd/0 rw  preseed/url=http://82.228.244.195/dapper-preseed.cfg --+ append vga=normal initrd=ubuntu/dapper/ubuntu-installer/i386/initrd.gz ramdisk_size=16464 root=/dev/rd/0 rw  preseed/url=https://server7.kproxy.com/servlet/redirect.srv/sruj/shhzdcy/s7iwolzo/p2/servlet/redirect.srv/sruj/shhzdcy/s7iwolzo/p2/servlet/redirect.srv/sruj/shhzdcy/s7iwolzo/p2/servlet/redirect.srv/s591/s442/s822/s28/p1/dapper-preseed.cfg --
 </code>  </code> 
  
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 <file> <file>
-#### Modifying syslinux.cfg.+####Modifying syslinux.cfg.
  
-# Edit the syslinux.cfg (or similar) file, and add parameters to the end +#Edit the syslinux.cfg (or similar) file, and add parameters to the end 
-# of the append line(s) for the kernel.+#of the append line(s) for the kernel. 
 +# 
 +#You'll at least want to add a parameter telling the installer where to 
 +#get its preseed file from. 
 +#If you're installing from USB media, use this, and put the preseed file 
 +#in the toplevel directory of the USB stick. 
 +#  preseed/file=/hd-media/preseed 
 +#If you're netbooting, use this instead: 
 +#  preseed/url=https://server7.kproxy.com/servlet/redirect.srv/sruj/shhzdcy/s7iwolzo/p2/servlet/redirect.srv/sruj/shhzdcy/s7iwolzo/p2/servlet/redirect.srv/sruj/shhzdcy/s7iwolzo/p2/servlet/redirect.srv/syyvp/p1/path/to/preseed#If you're remastering a CD, you could use this: 
 +#  preseed/file=/cdrom/preseed 
 +#Be sure to copy this file to the location you specify.
 # #
-# You'll at least want to add a parameter telling the installer where to +#While you're at it, you may want to throw a debconf/priority=critical in 
-# get its preseed file from. +#there, to avoid most questions even if the preseeding below misses some. 
-# If you're installing from USB media, use this, and put the preseed file +#And you might set the timeout to 1 in syslinux.cfg to avoid needing to hit 
-# in the toplevel directory of the USB stick. +#enter to boot the installer.
-#   preseed/file=/hd-media/preseed +
-# If you're netbooting, use this instead: +
-#   preseed/url=http://host/path/to/preseed +
-# If you're remastering a CD, you could use this: +
-#   preseed/file=/cdrom/preseed +
-# Be sure to copy this file to the location you specify. +
-#  +
-# While you're at it, you may want to throw a debconf/priority=critical in +
-# there, to avoid most questions even if the preseeding below misses some. +
-# And you might set the timeout to 1 in syslinux.cfg to avoid needing to hit +
-# enter to boot the installer.+
 # #
-# Language, country, and keyboard selection cannot be preseeded from a file, +#Language, country, and keyboard selection cannot be preseeded from a file, 
-# because the questions are asked before the preseed file can be loaded. +#because the questions are asked before the preseed file can be loaded. 
-# Instead, to avoid these questions, pass some more parameters to the kernel:+#Instead, to avoid these questions, pass some more parameters to the kernel:
 # #
-#   preseed/locale=fr_FR +#  preseed/locale=fr_FR 
-#   console-keymaps-at/keymap=fr+#  console-keymaps-at/keymap=fr
 # #
-# If you need to pick a particular interface when netbooting before reading +#If you need to pick a particular interface when netbooting before reading 
-# a preseed URL, pass a parameter like this as well:+#a preseed URL, pass a parameter like this as well:
 # #
-#    netcfg/choose_interface=eth1+#   netcfg/choose_interface=eth1
 # #
-# Note that the kernel accepts a maximum of 8 command line options and +#Note that the kernel accepts a maximum of 8 command line options and 
-# 8 environment options (including any options added by default for the +#8 environment options (including any options added by default for the 
-# installer). If these numbers are exceeded, 2.4 kernels will drop any +#installer). If these numbers are exceeded, 2.4 kernels will drop any 
-# excess options and 2.6 kernels will panic. With kernel 2.6.9 or newer, +#excess options and 2.6 kernels will panic. With kernel 2.6.9 or newer, 
-# you can use 32 command line options and 32 environment options. +#you can use 32 command line options and 32 environment options. 
-# Some of the default options, like 'vga=normal' and 'devfs=mount' may be +#Some of the default options, like 'vga=normal' and 'devfs=mount' may be 
-# safely removed for most installations, which may allow you to add more +#safely removed for most installations, which may allow you to add more 
-# options for preseeding.+#options for preseeding.
  
-#### Shell commands.+####Shell commands.
  
-# d-i preseeding is inherently not secure. Nothing in the installer checks +#d-i preseeding is inherently not secure. Nothing in the installer checks 
-# for attempts at buffer overflows or other exploits of the values of a +#for attempts at buffer overflows or other exploits of the values of a 
-# preseed file like this one. Only use preseed files from trusted +#preseed file like this one. Only use preseed files from trusted 
-# locations! To drive that home, and because it's generally useful, here's +#locations! To drive that home, and because it's generally useful, here's 
-# a way to run any shell command you'd like inside the installer, +#a way to run any shell command you'd like inside the installer, 
-# automatically.+#automatically.
  
-# This first command is run as early as possible, just after +#This first command is run as early as possible, just after 
-# preseeding is read.+#preseeding is read.
 #d-i preseed/early_command string wget http://url/to/my.udeb -O /tmp/my.udeb ; udpkg -i /tmp/my.udeb #d-i preseed/early_command string wget http://url/to/my.udeb -O /tmp/my.udeb ; udpkg -i /tmp/my.udeb
-# This command is run just before the install finishes, but when there is +#This command is run just before the install finishes, but when there is 
-# still a usable /target directory.+#still a usable /target directory.
 #d-i preseed/late_command string for deb in /hd-media/*.deb; do cp $deb /target/tmp; chroot /target dpkg -i /tmp/$(basename $deb); done #d-i preseed/late_command string for deb in /hd-media/*.deb; do cp $deb /target/tmp; chroot /target dpkg -i /tmp/$(basename $deb); done
-# This command is run just as base-config is starting up.+#This command is run just as base-config is starting up.
 #base-config base-config/early_command string echo hi mom #base-config base-config/early_command string echo hi mom
-# This command is run after base-config is done, just before the login: +#This command is run after base-config is done, just before the login: 
-# prompt. This is a good way to install a set of packages you want, or to +#prompt. This is a good way to install a set of packages you want, or to 
-# tweak the configuration of the system.+#tweak the configuration of the system.
 #base-config base-config/late_command string apt-get install zsh; chsh -s /bin/zsh #base-config base-config/late_command string apt-get install zsh; chsh -s /bin/zsh
  
-#### Network configuration.+####Network configuration.
  
-# Of course, this won't work if you're loading your preseed file from the +#Of course, this won't work if you're loading your preseed file from the 
-# network! But it's great if you're booting from CD or USB stick. You can +#network! But it's great if you're booting from CD or USB stick. You can 
-# also pass network config parameters in on the kernel params if you are +#also pass network config parameters in on the kernel params if you are 
-# loading preseed files from the network.+#loading preseed files from the network.
  
-# netcfg will choose an interface that has link if possible. This makes it +#netcfg will choose an interface that has link if possible. This makes it 
-# skip displaying a list if there is more than one interface.+#skip displaying a list if there is more than one interface.
 #d-i netcfg/choose_interface select auto #d-i netcfg/choose_interface select auto
  
-# To pick a particular interface instead:+#To pick a particular interface instead:
 #d-i netcfg/choose_interface select eth1 #d-i netcfg/choose_interface select eth1
  
-# If you prefer to configure the network manually, here's how:+#If you prefer to configure the network manually, here's how:
 #d-i netcfg/disable_dhcp boolean true #d-i netcfg/disable_dhcp boolean true
 #d-i netcfg/get_nameservers string 192.168.1.1 #d-i netcfg/get_nameservers string 192.168.1.1
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 #d-i netcfg/confirm_static boolean true #d-i netcfg/confirm_static boolean true
  
-# Note that any hostname and domain names assigned from dhcp take +#Note that any hostname and domain names assigned from dhcp take 
-# precedence over values set here. However, setting the values still +#precedence over values set here. However, setting the values still 
-# prevents the questions from being shown even if values come from dhcp.+#prevents the questions from being shown even if values come from dhcp.
 #d-i netcfg/get_hostname string unassigned-hostname #d-i netcfg/get_hostname string unassigned-hostname
 #d-i netcfg/get_domain string unassigned-domain #d-i netcfg/get_domain string unassigned-domain
  
-# Disable that annoying WEP key dialog. +#Disable that annoying WEP key dialog. 
-#d-i netcfg/wireless_wep string  +#d-i netcfg/wireless_wep string 
-# The wacky dhcp hostname that some ISPs use as a password of sorts.+#The wacky dhcp hostname that some ISPs use as a password of sorts.
 #d-i netcfg/dhcp_hostname string radish #d-i netcfg/dhcp_hostname string radish
  
-#### Mirror settings.+####Mirror settings.
  
 d-i mirror/country string fr d-i mirror/country string fr
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 d-i mirror/http/directory string /ubuntu d-i mirror/http/directory string /ubuntu
 d-i mirror/suite string edgy d-i mirror/suite string edgy
-#d-i mirror/http/proxy string +#d-i mirror/http/proxy string
  
-### Partitioning.+###Partitioning.
  
-# If the system has free space you can choose to only partition that space.+#If the system has free space you can choose to only partition that space.
 #d-i partman-auto/init_automatically_partition select Use the largest continuous free space #d-i partman-auto/init_automatically_partition select Use the largest continuous free space
-# Alternatively, you can specify a disk to partition. The device name can +#Alternatively, you can specify a disk to partition. The device name can 
-# be given in either devfs or traditional non-devfs format. +#be given in either devfs or traditional non-devfs format. 
-# For example, to use the first disk devfs knows of:+#For example, to use the first disk devfs knows of:
 #d-i partman-auto/disk string /dev/discs/disc0/disc #d-i partman-auto/disk string /dev/discs/disc0/disc
  
-# You can choose from any of the predefined partitioning recipes:+#You can choose from any of the predefined partitioning recipes:
 #d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select All files in one partition (recommended for new users) #d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select All files in one partition (recommended for new users)
 #d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select Desktop machine #d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select Desktop machine
 #d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select Multi-user workstation #d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select Multi-user workstation
-# Or provide a recipe of your own... +#Or provide a recipe of your own... 
-# The recipe format is documented in the file devel/partman-auto-recipe.txt. +#The recipe format is documented in the file devel/partman-auto-recipe.txt. 
-# If you have a way to get a recipe file into the d-i environment, you can +#If you have a way to get a recipe file into the d-i environment, you can 
-# just point at it.+#just point at it.
 #d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe_file string /hd-media/recipe #d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe_file string /hd-media/recipe
-# If not, you can put an entire recipe in one line. This example creates +#If not, you can put an entire recipe in one line. This example creates 
-# a small /boot partition, suitable swap, and uses the rest of the space +#a small /boot partition, suitable swap, and uses the rest of the space 
-# for the root partition: +#for the root partition: 
-#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string boot-root :: 20 50 100 ext3 $primary{ } $bootable{ } method{ format } format{ } use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } mountpoint{ /boot } .  500 10000 1000000000 ext3 method{ format } format{ } use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } mountpoint{ / } .  64 512 300% linux-swap method{ swap } format{ } .  +#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string boot-root :: 20 50 100 ext3 $primary{ } $bootable{ } method{ format } format{ } use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } mountpoint{ /boot } .  500 10000 1000000000 ext3 method{ format } format{ } use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } mountpoint{ / } .  64 512 300% linux-swap method{ swap } format{ } . 
-# For reference, here is that same recipe in a more readable form: +#For reference, here is that same recipe in a more readable form: 
-#  boot-root :: +# boot-root :: 
-#  40 50 100 ext3+# 40 50 100 ext3
 # $primary{ } $bootable{ } # $primary{ } $bootable{ }
 # method{ format } format{ } # method{ format } format{ }
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 # mountpoint{ /boot } # mountpoint{ /boot }
 # . # .
-#  500 10000 1000000000 ext3+# 500 10000 1000000000 ext3
 # method{ format } format{ } # method{ format } format{ }
 # use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } # use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 }
 # mountpoint{ / } # mountpoint{ / }
 # . # .
-#  64 512 300% linux-swap+# 64 512 300% linux-swap
 # method{ swap } format{ } # method{ swap } format{ }
 # . # .
  
-# This makes partman automatically partition without confirmation.+#This makes partman automatically partition without confirmation.
 #d-i partman/confirm_write_new_label boolean true #d-i partman/confirm_write_new_label boolean true
 #d-i partman/choose_partition select Finish partitioning and write changes to disk #d-i partman/choose_partition select Finish partitioning and write changes to disk
 #d-i partman/confirm boolean true #d-i partman/confirm boolean true
  
-#### Boot loader installation.+####Boot loader installation.
  
-# Grub is the default boot loader (for x86). If you want lilo installed +#Grub is the default boot loader (for x86). If you want lilo installed 
-# instead, uncomment this:+#instead, uncomment this:
 #d-i grub-installer/skip boolean true #d-i grub-installer/skip boolean true
  
-# This is fairly safe to set, it makes grub install automatically to the MBR +#This is fairly safe to set, it makes grub install automatically to the MBR 
-# if no other operating system is detected on the machine.+#if no other operating system is detected on the machine.
 #d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean true #d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean true
-# This one makes grub-installer install to the MBR if if finds some other OS +#This one makes grub-installer install to the MBR if if finds some other OS 
-# too, which is less safe as it might not be able to boot that other OS.+#too, which is less safe as it might not be able to boot that other OS.
 #d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean true #d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean true
-# Alternatively, if you want to install to a location other than the mbr, +#Alternatively, if you want to install to a location other than the mbr, 
-# uncomment and edit these lines:+#uncomment and edit these lines:
 #d-i grub-installer/bootdev string (hd0,0) #d-i grub-installer/bootdev string (hd0,0)
 #d-i grub-installer/only-debian boolean false #d-i grub-installer/only-debian boolean false
 #d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean false #d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean false
  
-##### Finishing up the first stage install.+#####Finishing up the first stage install.
  
-# Avoid that last message about the install being complete. +#Avoid that last message about the install being complete. 
-#d-i prebaseconfig/reboot_in_progress note +#d-i prebaseconfig/reboot_in_progress note
  
  
-##### Preseeding base-config. +#####Preseeding base-config. 
-# XXX: Note that most of this will not work right until base-config 2.40.4 +#XXX: Note that most of this will not work right until base-config 2.40.4 
-# is available.+#is available.
  
-# Avoid the introductory message. +#Avoid the introductory message. 
-#base-config base-config/intro note +#base-config base-config/intro note
  
-# Avoid the final message. +#Avoid the final message. 
-#base-config base-config/login note +#base-config base-config/login note
  
-# If you installed a display manager, but don't want to start it immediately +#If you installed a display manager, but don't want to start it immediately 
-# after base-config finishes.+#after base-config finishes.
 #base-config base-config/start-display-manager boolean false #base-config base-config/start-display-manager boolean false
  
-###### Time zone setup.+######Time zone setup.
  
-# Controls whether or not the hardware clock is set to GMT.+#Controls whether or not the hardware clock is set to GMT.
 #base-config tzconfig/gmt boolean true #base-config tzconfig/gmt boolean true
  
-# If you told the installer that you're in the United States, then you +#If you told the installer that you're in the United States, then you 
-# can set the time zone using this variable. +#can set the time zone using this variable. 
-# (Choices are: Eastern, Central, Mountain, Pacific, Alaska, Hawaii, +#(Choices are: Eastern, Central, Mountain, Pacific, Alaska, Hawaii, 
-# Aleutian, Arizona East-Indiana, Indiana-Starke, Michigan, Samoa, other)+#Aleutian, Arizona East-Indiana, Indiana-Starke, Michigan, Samoa, other)
 #base-config tzconfig/choose_country_zone/US select Eastern #base-config tzconfig/choose_country_zone/US select Eastern
-# If you told it you're in Canada. +#If you told it you're in Canada. 
-# (Choices are: Newfoundland, Atlantic, Eastern, Central, +#(Choices are: Newfoundland, Atlantic, Eastern, Central, 
-# East-Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Mountain, Pacific, Yukon, other)+#East-Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Mountain, Pacific, Yukon, other)
 #base-config tzconfig/choose_country_zone/CA select Eastern #base-config tzconfig/choose_country_zone/CA select Eastern
-# If you told it you're in Brazil. (Choices are: East, West, Acre, +#If you told it you're in Brazil. (Choices are: East, West, Acre, 
-# DeNoronha, other)+#DeNoronha, other)
 #base-config tzconfig/choose_country_zone/BR select East #base-config tzconfig/choose_country_zone/BR select East
-# Many countries have only one time zone. If you told the installer you're +#Many countries have only one time zone. If you told the installer you're 
-# in one of those countries, you can choose its standard time zone via this +#in one of those countries, you can choose its standard time zone via this 
-# question.+#question.
 #base-config tzconfig/choose_country_zone_single boolean true #base-config tzconfig/choose_country_zone_single boolean true
-# This question is asked as a fallback for countries other than those +#This question is asked as a fallback for countries other than those 
-# listed above, which have more than one time zone. You can preseed one of +#listed above, which have more than one time zone. You can preseed one of 
-# the time zones, or "other". +#the time zones, or "other". 
-#base-config tzconfig/choose_country_zone_multiple select +#base-config tzconfig/choose_country_zone_multiple select
  
-###### Account setup.+######Account setup.
  
-# To preseed the root password, you have to put it in the clear in this +#To preseed the root password, you have to put it in the clear in this 
-# file. That is not a very good idea, use caution!+#file. That is not a very good idea, use caution!
 #passwd passwd/root-password password r00tme #passwd passwd/root-password password r00tme
 #passwd passwd/root-password-again password r00tme #passwd passwd/root-password-again password r00tme
  
-# If you want to skip creation of a normal user account.+#If you want to skip creation of a normal user account.
 #passwd passwd/make-user boolean false #passwd passwd/make-user boolean false
-# Alternatively, you can preseed the user's name and login.+#Alternatively, you can preseed the user's name and login.
 #passwd passwd/user-fullname string Ubuntu User #passwd passwd/user-fullname string Ubuntu User
 #passwd passwd/username string ubuntu #passwd passwd/username string ubuntu
-# And their password, but use caution!+#And their password, but use caution!
 #passwd passwd/user-password password insecure #passwd passwd/user-password password insecure
 #passwd passwd/user-password-again password insecure #passwd passwd/user-password-again password insecure
  
-###### Apt setup.+######Apt setup.
  
-# This question controls what source the second stage installation uses +#This question controls what source the second stage installation uses 
-# for packages. Choices are cdrom, http, ftp, filesystem, edit sources list +#for packages. Choices are cdrom, http, ftp, filesystem, edit sources list 
-# by hand+#by hand
 base-config apt-setup/uri_type select http base-config apt-setup/uri_type select http
  
-# If you choose ftp or http, you'll be asked for a country and a mirror.+#If you choose ftp or http, you'll be asked for a country and a mirror.
 #base-config apt-setup/country select enter information manually #base-config apt-setup/country select enter information manually
 base-config apt-setup/hostname string http://archive.ubuntu.com base-config apt-setup/hostname string http://archive.ubuntu.com
 base-config apt-setup/directory string /ubuntu base-config apt-setup/directory string /ubuntu
-# Stop after choosing one mirror.+#Stop after choosing one mirror.
 base-config apt-setup/another boolean true base-config apt-setup/another boolean true
  
-# You can choose to install non-free and contrib software.+#You can choose to install non-free and contrib software.
 #base-config apt-setup/universe boolean true #base-config apt-setup/universe boolean true
 #base-config apt-setup/multiverse boolean true #base-config apt-setup/multiverse boolean true
  
-# Do enable security updates.+#Do enable security updates.
 base-config apt-setup/security-updates boolean true base-config apt-setup/security-updates boolean true
  
-###### Package selection.+######Package selection.
  
-# You can choose to install any combination of tasks that are available. +#You can choose to install any combination of tasks that are available. 
-# Available tasks as of this writing include: Desktop environment, +#Available tasks as of this writing include: Desktop environment, 
-# Web server, Print server, DNS server, File server, Mail server,  +#Web server, Print server, DNS server, File server, Mail server,  
-# SQL database, manual package selection. The last of those will run +#SQL database, manual package selection. The last of those will run 
-# aptitude. You can also choose to install no tasks, and force the +#aptitude. You can also choose to install no tasks, and force the 
-# installation of a set of packages in some other way. +#installation of a set of packages in some other way. 
-# XXX: this will not work until tasksel 2.12 is available+#XXX: this will not work until tasksel 2.12 is available
 tasksel tasksel/first multiselect Desktop environment, Web server, Mail server, DNS server tasksel tasksel/first multiselect Desktop environment, Web server, Mail server, DNS server
  
-###### Mailer configuration.+######Mailer configuration.
  
-# During a normal install, exim asks only two questions. Here's how to +#During a normal install, exim asks only two questions. Here's how to 
-# avoid even those. More complicated preseeding is possible.+#avoid even those. More complicated preseeding is possible.
 #exim4-config exim4/dc_eximconfig_configtype select no configuration at this time #exim4-config exim4/dc_eximconfig_configtype select no configuration at this time
-# It's a good idea to set this to whatever user account you choose to +#It's a good idea to set this to whatever user account you choose to 
-# create. Leaving the value blank results in postmaster mail going to +#create. Leaving the value blank results in postmaster mail going to 
-# /var/mail/mail. +#/var/mail/mail. 
-#exim4-config exim4/dc_postmaster string +#exim4-config exim4/dc_postmaster string
  
-###### X Configuration.+######X Configuration.
  
-# Preseeding Ubuntu's X config is possible, but you probably need to know +#Preseeding Ubuntu's X config is possible, but you probably need to know 
-# some details about the video hardware of the machine, since Ubuntu's X +#some details about the video hardware of the machine, since Ubuntu's X 
-# configurator does not do fully automatic configuration of everything.+#configurator does not do fully automatic configuration of everything.
  
-# X can detect the right driver for some cards, but if you're preseeding, +#X can detect the right driver for some cards, but if you're preseeding, 
-# you override whatever it chooses. Still, vesa will work most places.+#you override whatever it chooses. Still, vesa will work most places.
 #xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/device/driver select vesa #xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/device/driver select vesa
  
-# A caveat with mouse autodetection is that if it fails, X will retry it +#A caveat with mouse autodetection is that if it fails, X will retry it 
-# over and over. So if it's preseeded to be done, there is a possibility of +#over and over. So if it's preseeded to be done, there is a possibility of 
-# an infinite loop if the mouse is not autodetected.+#an infinite loop if the mouse is not autodetected.
 #xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/autodetect_mouse boolean true #xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/autodetect_mouse boolean true
  
-# Monitor autodetection is recommended.+#Monitor autodetection is recommended.
 #xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/autodetect_monitor boolean true #xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/autodetect_monitor boolean true
-# Uncomment if you have a LCD display.+#Uncomment if you have a LCD display.
 #xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/monitor/lcd boolean true #xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/monitor/lcd boolean true
-# X has three configuration paths for the monitor. Here's how to preseed +#X has three configuration paths for the monitor. Here's how to preseed 
-# the "medium" path, which is always available. The "simple" path may not +#the "medium" path, which is always available. The "simple" path may not 
-# be available, and the "advanced" path asks too many questions.+#be available, and the "advanced" path asks too many questions.
 #xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/monitor/selection-method select medium #xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/monitor/selection-method select medium
 #xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/monitor/mode-list select 1024x768 @ 60 Hz #xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/monitor/mode-list select 1024x768 @ 60 Hz
  
-###### Everything else.+######Everything else.
  
-# Depending on what software you choose to install, or if things go wrong +#Depending on what software you choose to install, or if things go wrong 
-# during the installation process, it's possible that other questions may +#during the installation process, it's possible that other questions may 
-# be asked. You can preseed those too, of course. To get a list of every +#be asked. You can preseed those too, of course. To get a list of every 
-# possible question that could be asked during an install, do an +#possible question that could be asked during an install, do an 
-# installation, and then run these commands: +#installation, and then run these commands: 
-#   debconf-get-selections --installer > file +#  debconf-get-selections --installer > file 
-#   debconf-get-selections >> file+#  debconf-get-selections >> file
  
-# If you like, you can include other preseed files into this one. +#If you like, you can include other preseed files into this one. 
-# Any settings in those files will override pre-existing settings from this +#Any settings in those files will override pre-existing settings from this 
-# file. More that one file can be listed, separated by spaces; all will be +#file. More that one file can be listed, separated by spaces; all will be 
-# loaded. The included files can have preseed/include directives of their +#loaded. The included files can have preseed/include directives of their 
-# own as well. Note that if the filenames are relative, they are taken from +#own as well. Note that if the filenames are relative, they are taken from 
-# the same directory as the preseed file that includes them.+#the same directory as the preseed file that includes them.
 #d-i preseed/include string x.cfg #d-i preseed/include string x.cfg
-# More flexably, this runs a shell command and if it outputs the names of +#More flexably, this runs a shell command and if it outputs the names of 
-# preseed files, includes those files. For example, to switch configs based +#preseed files, includes those files. For example, to switch configs based 
-# on a particular usb storage device (in this case, a built-in card reader):+#on a particular usb storage device (in this case, a built-in card reader):
 #d-i preseed/include_command string if $(grep -q "GUID: 0aec3050aec305000001a003"  /proc/scsi/usb-storage-*/*); then echo kraken.cfg; else echo otherusb.cfg; fi #d-i preseed/include_command string if $(grep -q "GUID: 0aec3050aec305000001a003"  /proc/scsi/usb-storage-*/*); then echo kraken.cfg; else echo otherusb.cfg; fi
 </file> </file>
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 Il est possible de réaliser le test mémoire d'un PC client "PXE" avec l'utilitaire MemTest86+ située sur un serveur tel que défini ci dessus. Ceci est particulièrement intéressant si vous possédez par exemple un PC portable sans lecteur Disquette/CD/DVD, incapable de booter sur support USB, et dont vous avez un doute sur l'état de la mémoire vive ... et bien non ! votre cas n'est pas désespéré : Il est possible de réaliser le test mémoire d'un PC client "PXE" avec l'utilitaire MemTest86+ située sur un serveur tel que défini ci dessus. Ceci est particulièrement intéressant si vous possédez par exemple un PC portable sans lecteur Disquette/CD/DVD, incapable de booter sur support USB, et dont vous avez un doute sur l'état de la mémoire vive ... et bien non ! votre cas n'est pas désespéré :
  
-L'utilitaire est disponible ici : [[http://www.memtest.org/]]. Vous choisirez le « Pre-Compiled Bootable Binary ».+L'utilitaire est disponible ici : [[https://www.memtest.org/]]. Vous choisirez le « Pre-Compiled Bootable Binary ».
  
 Télécharger le fichier "memtest86+-2.11.bin.gz". Le décompresser pour obtenir le binaire au format  memtest86+-2.10.bin (la version importe peu). Télécharger le fichier "memtest86+-2.11.bin.gz". Le décompresser pour obtenir le binaire au format  memtest86+-2.10.bin (la version importe peu).
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 </code> </code>
  
-Voilà, c'est fini, vous pouvez démarrer votre PC client et bénéficier du fameux logiciel de test mémoire. +Voilà, c'est fini, vous pouvez démarrer votre PC client et bénéficier du fameux logiciel de test mémoire.
  
 {{:memtest.png}} {{:memtest.png}}
netboot.1466610066.txt.gz · Dernière modification : de 81.80.173.124
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